No, a Rinjani trekking permit cannot be transferred to another person after booking, and the park is explicit about it. The published FAQ from the national park rules out both substituting a different person for the registered trekker and changing the named trekker or ticket data once the ticket is issued. The QR code on your e-ticket establishes a booking for a specific person, not a bearer pass that whoever holds the phone can use.
Enforcement happens at check-in. Gate staff scan the QR code and compare it against the registered identity, the date, and the named entrance, and they can also check the planned exit and the tour operator. A different person carrying the correct QR code should expect to be refused, so the old trick of letting a friend use your spot does not work on this mountain.
The one flexibility the park does allow is limited to the same registered people. A ticket can be rescheduled once, subject to remaining quota and a request no later than the day before the planned trek. That is a date change, not a name change, and it is the only change most guests will ever need.
The practical consequences are worth planning around. If someone in your group cancels, their ticket is effectively lost for that date, and a replacement climber needs a newly purchased permit in their own name, subject to quota for that gate and day. If you are the one canceling, tell your operator immediately, because the earlier the rescheduling request goes in, the better the chance quota remains for your new date.
We register every guest with their own passport details before we pay the park, and we never book placeholder names to hold spots. It is the only honest way to operate, and it protects guests from the gate-side surprise of a ticket that does not match their passport. Book with the names you know, and if the group changes, change the booking before payment rather than after.

